乙醇-空气稀液雾值班火焰的大涡模拟研究

为加深对气液两相湍流燃烧现象的认知,检测火焰面模型在液雾燃烧中的适用性,本文在欧拉-拉格朗日架构下使用火焰面/反应进度变量模型(FPV)数值模拟了乙醇-空气稀液雾值班火焰。欧拉坐标系下的气相湍流场使用大涡模拟方法模拟,离散液相则使用拉格朗日颗粒轨道模型进行描述,考虑了相间质量、动量、能量交换。燃烧模型中采用碳元素定义混合物分数,在混合物分数方程源项中体现液相对燃烧模型的影响。模拟得到的气相温度分布和液相统计值均和实验数据较好吻合,验证了该燃烧模型对稀液雾扩散类型火焰的适用性。分析瞬时图发现,该稀液雾火焰的最高燃烧温度往往位于当量混合物分数附近,在出口下游20倍直径处火焰完全点着,此处上游FPV模型能给出局部点火熄火现象。蒸发作用在剪切层和点火区域较强,而液滴和火焰作用较弱,单一液滴很少被火焰包围。     

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

Stationary flow fields prediction of variable physical domain based on proper orthogonal decomposition and kriging surrogate model

In this paper a new flow field prediction method which is independent of the governing equations, is developed to predict stationary flow fields of variable physical domain. Predicted flow fields come from linear superposition of selected basis modes generated by proper orthogonal decomposition(POD). Instead of traditional projection methods, kriging surrogate model is used to calculate the superposition coefficients through building approximate function relationships between profile geometry parameters of physical domain and these coefficients. In this context,the problem which troubles the traditional POD-projection method due to viscosity and compressibility has been avoided in the whole process. Moreover, there are no constraints for the inner product form, so two forms of simple ones are applied to improving computational efficiency and cope with variable physical domain problem. An iterative algorithm is developed to determine how many basis modes ranking front should be used in the prediction. Testing results prove the feasibility of this new method for subsonic flow field, but also prove that it is not proper for transonic flow field because of the poor predicted shock waves.     

基于环控物理仿真平台的余度模型设计

在环控物理仿真平台上,基于MATLAB和Vxworks环境,建立了飞机环控系统余度模型。详细论述了环控系统故障模型、机电管理计算机模型。此外,对模型的有效性、可靠性进行了验证。通过试验验证,表明模型结构正确、能够满足环控系统余度功能要求。     

基于结构动力学特性的损伤识别方法

基于等效模态应变/动能理论,提出了一种利用实际结构的测试数据识别结构中损伤位置的方法。在此基础上,研究了利用模型修正技术识别结构中损伤强度的方法。分别以一个单损伤平板结构和多损伤平板结构为例,通过仿真分析了以上方法的有效性。结果表明,以上方法可以有效识别结构中的损伤位置和损伤强度。     

三维数模随动下的机翼结构重量优化

目前,基于快速建模下的重量重心估算系统得到了快速发展。为了进一步提高结构重量估算精度,研究了如何在重量重心快速分析(WCGA)系统环境中构建优化模块。以机翼结构重量优化为例,提出优化流程,对优化模块功能进行分解,给出模型简化要求。以A320飞机机翼为例,对梁和长桁进行优化,结果显示,经过优化,有效减轻了结构重量,且相比于传统的减重优化设计方法,极大提高了计算效率。     

基于约束预测控制的飞行失控包线保护研究

风切变等大气扰动现象严重威胁飞机起降飞行安全。在受到随机风切变干扰下,离线设计的最优控制器无法保证飞行状态始终处在正常包线内。在大型民机线性变参数模型的基础上,从预防飞行失控的角度研究风切变下飞机进场着陆的预测控制方法。将飞行失控包线量化为状态约束,在此基础上设计在线模型预测控制器。仿真结果表明,利用预测控制的滚动优化策略,可使飞机在进场下滑阶段遭遇风切变时进行良好的下滑道捕获和跟踪,且将飞机状态始终约束在安全包线内。     

大型枢纽机场中转水平评估研究

为了有效评估我国枢纽机场的中转水平,全面掌握枢纽机场发展中所面临的问题,构建了大型枢纽中转水平评估模型,并以中美欧三个国家和地区典型的大型枢纽为例进行实证分析。研究表明,与美国和欧洲大型枢纽的中转水平相比,我国大型枢纽的中转水平仍有很大差距;我国国内中转航班的中转水平远远低于美国,国内国际互转航班的中转水平与美国相当,国际转国际航班的中转水平高于美国;与欧洲三大国际枢纽的中转水平相比,我国北京首都机场与国际相关的水平中转仍有所不足。     

航空发动机燃油计量装置特性仿真与试验研究

燃油计量装置作为航空发动机燃油控制系统的执行机构对航空发动机的性能有直接影响,全面掌握燃油计量装置特性是非常重要的。基于AMESim软件建立了航空发动机燃油计量装置的热液压模型,分析了燃油计量装置特性及受温度影响的规律,并通过试验验证了仿真结果。结果表明:建立的模型具有较高的精度,在控制器指令不变的情况下,随着油温的升高,燃油质量流量会有一定程度减小。     

基于Matlab Simulink的弹道仿真方法

弹道仿真软件有助于飞航导弹武器飞行试验结果的分析与评定。为此,设计了基于Matlab Simulink的弹道仿真计算方法,建立了六自由度空间弹道数学模型,利用导弹相关的气动数据和控制参数测试了算法,实现了软件,仿真结果证明了该模型的准确性和可信度。